Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques
2020, Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages: 1068-1074
J. Environ. Treat. Tech.
ISSN: 2309-1185
Journal web link: http://www.jett.dormaj.com
Evaluation of Biochemical Parameters in Type 1
and Type 2 Diabetics in Rabat District of Morocco
1
2
2
1
Miloudi Hilali *, Asmae Tantane , Mohamed Rhajaoui , Hanae El Monfalouti and Badr
Eddine Kartah1
1
Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis, Faculty of Science, University Mohamed-V, Av Ibn Battouta, BP 1014 Agdal-
Rabat, Morocco
2
Laboratory biochemistry national institute of hygiene of Rabat, Morocco
Received: 25/03/2020
Accepted: 29/06/2020
Published: 20/09/2020
Abstract
Diabetes represents a major public health problem and exposes to serious complications such as cardiovascular, renal, ocular,
neurological diseases and sometimes wounds which are difficult to heal leading in the most extreme cases to amputation. The
objective of this work is therefore to carry out an evaluation of certain biological parameters (fasting blood sugar, urea, total
cholesterol, HDL, creatinine, uric acid), and hematological (white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets) in diabetic patients. the rabat-
sale region and to find out which type of diabetic is the most distributed in this region so that in the end we will raise awareness among
the entire population to make periodic analyzes in order to draw lessons and offer recommendations. The study of this work focused
on 40 diabetic patients, including 8 type 1 diabetic patients and 32 type 2 diabetic patients. After that we took blood samples for
biological analyzes. According to the study, we found that the number of type 2 diabetics (80%) is higher than that of type 1 diabetics
(
(
20%), the number of women is greater than the number of men and the majority diabetic patients in our population are hypertensive
70%). Our results also show that in type 2 diabetics the average rates of all parameters (fasting blood sugar, urea, creatinine and uric
acid) are lower than those recorded in type 1 diabetics. Total cholesterol and HDL in type 2 diabetics are higher than those recorded in
type 1 diabetics. This study shows that our patients do not have a problem of bacterial infection or rheumatism because almost all the
values of creatinine, urea, uric acid, total cholesterol and the level of white blood cells are normal and also shows, the absence of
cardiovascular and renal complications. But our study also showed that total cholesterol, urea and creatinine increase with age, and
people between the ages of 60 and 75 are more at risk than others. The study of this work shows that the number of women who have
diabetes is greater than the number of men and most of these people have chronic diseases, so to avoid serious complication on a
health scale, we must therefore to sensitize and educate the populations to make periodic analyzes, to make sport activities and food
rigime to finally reduce the rate of diabetic diseases.
Keywords: Diabetes, Complications, Biochemical, Fasting glucose, Urea, Total cholesterol, HDL, Creatinine, Uric acid
Introduction1
of pregnant women [6]. It manifests itself as an increase in
1
blood glucose towards the end of the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of
pregnancy. In the majority of cases, it disappears after
delivery. Diabetes is recognized today, supported by figures
like a global epidemic and a tsunami whose human, social and
economic consequences are devastating. In Morocco, the
latest national figures exceed 10% for people over the age of
Diabetes is a chronic disease that cannot be cured, but can
be treated and controlled. It is caused by a lack or lack of use
of a hormone called insulin. When there is a lack of insulin, or
when it does not perform its function effectively, as is the case
in a person with diabetes, glucose cannot be used as a fuel for
cells. It then accumulates in the blood and causes an increase
in sugar level (hyperglycemia). In the long run, high blood
sugar causes complications, including eye, kidney, nerve,
heart and blood vessel complications [1, 2].
There are different types of diabetes: prediabetes, type 1
diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes and other rarer
types; Type 1 diabetes, accounts for 10 to 15% of diabetes
cases [3]. It occurs most often in a non-obese subject before
the age of 30 [4]. Diabetes type 2 known as fatty or mature
diabetes, noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is
a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic excess of blood
sugar (hyperglycemia) [5]. The peripheral use of sugar in the
cells: insulin, a hormone made by the pancreas, allows cells to
collect and use glucose. Gestational Diabetes affects 3 to 20%
2
0 years. And if we consider the age groups beyond 50 years,
the prevalence exceeds 14%. Thus, today around two million
people suffer from diabetes in our country [7]. diabetes is one
of the worst health calamities in Morocco which costs
millions of dirhams at the state coffers, each year, 500,000
people at risk in primary health care establishments including
people with a history 1st degree family (father or mother) with
diabetes. Worse, almost 50% of all diabetics are unaware of
their disease.
Main objective of the study is concerned with three goals:
(
a) to determine the distribution of diabetic patients by type of
diabetes, sex, age and presence or absence of hypertension;
b) a comparison of different biochemical parameters (fasting
(