2020, Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages: 1054-1059
J. Environ. Treat. Tech.
ISSN: 2309-1185
Journal web link: http://www.jett.dormaj.com
Removal of Fluoride Ions from Drinking Water by
Activated Alumina and Activated Charcoal
1
2
3
Habiba Lebrahimi *, Mohammed Fekhaoui , Abdelkabir Bellaouchou .
1
Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Laboratory of Zoology, Scientific Institute, Mohamed V University, Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal,
1
0090, Rabat, Morocco
Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Hygiene, 27, Avenue Ibn Batouta, 769 Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, Mohamed V University, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, 1014 Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
2
3
Abstract
The pollution of drinking waters by ions fluorides caused by industrial and natural activities, causes major problems for human
health, what imposes to think seriously of the treatment of these waters. Experiments are carried out in the laboratory to remove fluoride
ions in water, based on the adsorption process by activated alumina and activated carbon with a change in different parameters
influencing the retention rate such as pH, amount of adsorbent and contact time. Good defluoridation requires a contact time between
3
0 min and 60 min with a retention rate of 53.51% and 67% for activated alumina, 50.27% and 56.35% for activated carbon. The
retention rate for 3g adsorbent is 56% for activated alumina and 18.91% for activated carbon, this value increases with increasing
adsorbent quantity for acid pH. According to these experiments the retention rate of fluoride ions by activated alumina is higher than
that of activated carbon, which makes activated alumina treatment the most responsive for the removal of fluoride ions in water. in this
work they try to find an appropriate method to eliminate the excess of ions fluorides in underground water after a study made on these
ions in waters of the region of Khouribga in Morocco as phosphaté region the presence of ions of which results points out fluoride with
a broad broadcasting of the illness of fluorosis to the population. According to tries made in the laboratory one there found that alumina
speeded up and activated charcoal is very efficient for this action.
Keywords: Fluoride, Activated alumina, Activated carbon, Water treatment, Defluoridation, Adsorption
is based on the adsorption technique on activated carbon and
1
Introduction1
alumina, which are the most responsive, effective, very simple
and do not require much maintenance. Both elements are the
most used industrially because of their excellent
decontamination properties against the majority of pollutants.
Considerable efforts are made to ensure a better protection of
the environment of water resources. Scientific research is
increasingly oriented towards the selection of the most effective
means of depollution. Several methods of treatment of water
containing fluorine, mainly adsorption by activated alumina
and activated carbon, have given their effectiveness in
removing fluoride ions dissolved in water [7]. This process is
well suited to the elimination of fluoride ions with a need to
control the ions but the pH of the treated water need to be
control. The adsorption capacity depends on the specific
surface of the material, the nature of the adsorbent, and the
contact time. For our study one there chosen the treatment by
the adsorption by alumina speeded up and activated charcoal
seen that their fastness and their effectiveness according to
results found without forgotten availability of this two
Fluoride (F-) contamination in groundwater has been
recognized as one of the serious problems worldwide. Fluoride
is classified as one of the contaminants of water for human
consumption by the World Health Organization (WHO), in
addition to arsenic and nitrate, which cause large-scale health
problems [1]. The fluorine as most part of the chemical
elements (iron, manganese ...) effects of which their excess in
Drinking Water causes failure for water and environment [2].
The quality of waters of drink is an obligation for everybody
what obliges a strict treatment [3]. the classical techniques used
for the treatment of waters of drinks are several categories
among which in most cases the adsorption with activated
charcoal, alumina speeded up and loam, the techniques of haste,
physicochemical techniques (separation on membrane,
oxidation
/ discount) and other biological techniques
(biosorption, phytoextraction) [4]. The pollutions of
underground waters of the region of Khouribga are a strict
problem, because it causes an endemic illness to the population,
what makes think seriously of the treatment of waters intended
for human consumption. Everything results acquired from the
physicochemical analyses of underground water of the region
of khouribga are has norm except the content of fluorine which
was superior has norm in several wells of the region. [5].
The removal of fluoride ions from groundwater is done by
several techniques which differ from each other depending on
the removal percentage (efficiency) and treatment cost.
adsorbants in Morocco as developing country [8]. The
objective of fluoride removal meant the treatment of
contaminated water in order to bring down fluoride
concentration to acceptable limits. The defluoridation
techniques are generally classified into 2 classes, specifically
membrane and surface assimilation techniques. No study was
made in this sense in Morocco contrary has the ladder
international or they find many people work on this problem,
According to several studies [6], among these techniques, one
Corresponding author: Habiba Lebrahimi, Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Laboratory of Zoology, Scientific Institute,
Mohamed V University, Avenue Ibn Battouta, Agdal, 10090, Rabat, Morocco, +212762567494, zaidhabibalebrahimi@gmail.com.
1
054